Noise pollution in the high-traffic areas and proposed solutions: A case study in Ilam, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Noise pollution caused by vehicles is one of the major environmental problems in cities and has harmful effects on residents. The aim of the study was to examine the noise pollution in high traffic areas of the city of Ilam and finally to propose solutions.
Materials and methods: This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was performed in the spring of 2020 in three shifts in the morning, noon, and evening at the beginning and end of the week in Ilam city. According to the Iranian standard by Department of Environment in residential and commercial-administrative areas, noise measurement was performed with CEL-440 sound level meter in seven high-traffic points. In this study, the factors affecting noise pollution caused by traffic were recorded in the form of a checklist.
Results: In morning shift at the beginning of the week with the noise level of 70.59 dB, in the noon shift at the beginning of the week with 71.74 dB, and in the evening shift at the beginning of the week with 68.37 dB has a higher noise level. A comparison of sound pressure levels in the morning, noon, and evening shifts at the beginning and end of the week showed no significant difference (P=0.26).
Conclusion: Ilam city has high noise pollution in commercial-residential and commercial-office areas, which was evaluated beyond the standards of noise limits in the open air of Iran. Solutions have been proposed to reduce noise pollution from residents at the measurement points.
1. Heinonen-Guzejev M, Vuorinen HS,
Kaprio J, Heikkilä K, Mussalo-Rauhamaa H,
Koskenvuo M. Self-report of transportation
noise exposure, annoyance and noise sensitivity
in relation to noise map information. Journal of
Sound and Vibration. 2000;234(2):191-206.
2. Bodin T, Albin M, Ardö J, Stroh E, Östergren P-O, Björk J. Road traffic noise and
hypertension: results from a cross-sectional
public health survey in southern Sweden.
Environmental Health. 2009;8(1):1-10.
3. Fyhri A, Klæboe R. Road traffic noise,
sensitivity, annoyance and self-reported
health—A structural equation model exercise.
Environment International. 2009;35(1):91-7.
4. Pirrera S, De Valck E, Cluydts R. Nocturnal
road traffic noise: A review on its assessment
and consequences on sleep and health.
Environment international. 2010;36(5):492-8.
5. Margaritis E, Kang J, Filipan K,
Botteldooren D. The influence of vegetation
and surrounding traffic noise parameters on
the sound environment of urban parks. Applied
geography. 2018;94:199-212.
6. Zannin PHT, Diniz FB, Barbosa WA.
Environmental noise pollution in the city
of Curitiba, Brazil. Applied Acoustics.
2002;63(4):351-8.
7. Marjanović M, Grubeša S, Žarko IP, editors.
Air and noise pollution monitoring in the city
of Zagreb by using mobile crowdsensing. 2017
25th International Conference on Software,
Telecommunications and Computer Networks
(SoftCOM); 2017: IEEE.
8. Moteallemi A, Bina B, Minaei M, Mortezaie
S. The Evaluation of Noise Pollution at
Samen District in Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi
Province, Iran using Geographic Information
System. International Journal of Occupational
Hygiene. 2017;9(4):179-85.
9. Safari Variani A, Nikpay A, Ghalenoie M,
Emamjomeh M. Comparison of equivalent noise
pollution and traffic noise index in different
cities of Qazvin province (2010). Journal of
Inflammatory Disease. 2013;16(4):69-74.
10. Alizadeh A, Mohammadian M,
Etemadinejad S, Yazdani J. Evaluation of
noise pollution in Sari (2007-2008). Journal of
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.
2009;19(69):4.52-5
11. Naddafi K, Yunesian M, Mesdaghinia AR,
Mahvi AH, Asgari A. Noise pollution in Zanjan
city in 2007. Journal of Advances in Medical
and Biomedical Research. 2008;16(62):85-96.
12. Mari O.H, Raigan S.A, Ali M.I. Evaluation
Of Noise Pollution In Crowded Areas In Yasuj
In 2006. 2008:109-116.
13. Hannani M, Akbari H, Almasi H. Noise
pollution in Kashan in 2000-01. KAUMS
Journal (FEYZ). 2002;6(1):30-6.
14. Acuña-Mendez Ac, Virguez Jd, CanchonTriana Ca, De Luque-Villa M. Airport Noise
Impact Assessment Using Noise Maps And
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A Case Study
In Bogotá, Colombia. Environmental Science,
Engineering and Management 8. 2021: 431-
440.
15. Wang Qs, Yuan Xl, Ma Cy, Editors. Air
Environmental Impact Research Of Urban
Traffic Development–A Case Study. Advanced
Materials Research; 2010: Trans Tech Publ.
16. Tavakoli A. Evaluation of particulate
matter (PM) and noise levels in underground
terminals-Majlesi terminal of Isfahan. 2018.
17. Chebil J, Ghaeb J, Fekih MA, Habaebi
MH. Assessment of Road Traffic Noise: A
Case Study in Monastir City. Jordan Journal of
Mechanical & Industrial Engineering. 2019;13.
18. Ali Ma, Kamraju M. Evaluation of Traffic
Noise Pollution In Hyderabad City, Telangana
State. Spatial Analysis And Geospatial Technologies. 2020;69. Lulu Publication,
2020, Isbn– 978-1-71682-711-2 .
19. Yang W, He J, He C, Cai M. Evaluation
of urban traffic noise pollution based on
noise maps. Transportation Research Part D:
Transport and Environment. 2020;87:102516.
20. Tandel B, Macwan J, Ruparel PN, editors.
Urban corridor noise pollution: A case study of
Surat city, India. Proceedings of International
Conference on Environment and Industrial
Innovation (ICEII 2011); 2011.
21. Motlabi Kashani M, Hanani M, Akbari H,
Almasi H. Noise Pollution In Kashan In 2000-
01. 2002.
22. Negahdari H, Javadpour S, Moattar
F, Negahdari H. Risk assessment of noise
pollution by analyzing the level of sound
loudness resulting from central traffic in
Shiraz. Environmental Health Engineering and
Management Journal. 2018.
23. Ghafoori M, Ahmadi Nadoushan M,
Moshtaghie M. Assessment the distribution of
noise pollution due to traffic in regions 3 and
4 of Isfahan. Journal of Natural Environment.
2021;73(4):729-43.
24. Mohammadi G. An investigation of
community response to urban traffic noise.
Global Perspective for Competitive Enterprise,
Economy and Ecology: Springer; 2009. p. 673-
80.
25. Esmeray E, Eren S. GIS-based mapping and
assessment of noise pollution in Safranbolu,
Karabuk, Turkey. Environment, development
and sustainability. 2021:1-19.
26. Okwudili MN, Okorie EA, Oparaocha R,
Mercy OS, Chinedu E, Ugochinyere AA, et al.
Assessment of noise pollution and its perceived
health risks on residents of Owerri Metropolis,
Imo State, Nigeria. World Journal of Advanced
Research and Reviews. 2021;10(2):146-56.
27. Imanpour Namin A, Nasrabadi T, Mehravaran
H, Zabani S. Noise Pollution in Urban Areas and
the Effect of Traffic Management Procedures on
Urban Environment (Case Study: 6th Region of
Tehran Municipal). Journal of Environmental
Science and Technology. 2020 Oct 22;22(8):
15-29.
28. Gheibi M, Karrabi M, Latifi P, FathollahiFard AM. Evaluation of traffic noise pollution
using geographic information system and
descriptive statistical method: a case study in
Mashhad, Iran. Environmental Science and
Pollution Research. 2022 Jan 15:1-4.
29. Weber N, Haase D, Franck U. Trafficinduced noise levels in residential urban
structures using landscape metrics as indicators.
Ecological indicators. 2014 Oct 1;45:611-21.
30. Golmohammadi R, Mohammadi H, Bayati
H, Habibi MM, Soltanian AR. Noise annoyance
due to construction worksites. 2013: 201-207.
31. Ballesteros MJ, Fernández MD, Quintana
S, Ballesteros JA, González I. Noise emission
evolution on construction sites. Measurement
for controlling and assessing its impact on the
people and on the environment. Building and
Environment. 2010 Mar 1;45(3):711-7.
32. Ariza-Villaverde AB, Jiménez-Hornero FJ,
De Ravé EG. Influence of urban morphology on
total noise pollution: Multifractal description.
Science of the Total Environment. 2014 Feb
15;472:1-8.
33. Yari AR, Dezhdar B, Koohpaei A, Ebrahimi
A, Mashkoori A, Mohammadi MJ, et al.
Evaluation of traffic noise pollution and control solutions offering: a case study in Qom, Iran.
Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical
Sciences. 2016;23(4):600-7.
Kaprio J, Heikkilä K, Mussalo-Rauhamaa H,
Koskenvuo M. Self-report of transportation
noise exposure, annoyance and noise sensitivity
in relation to noise map information. Journal of
Sound and Vibration. 2000;234(2):191-206.
2. Bodin T, Albin M, Ardö J, Stroh E, Östergren P-O, Björk J. Road traffic noise and
hypertension: results from a cross-sectional
public health survey in southern Sweden.
Environmental Health. 2009;8(1):1-10.
3. Fyhri A, Klæboe R. Road traffic noise,
sensitivity, annoyance and self-reported
health—A structural equation model exercise.
Environment International. 2009;35(1):91-7.
4. Pirrera S, De Valck E, Cluydts R. Nocturnal
road traffic noise: A review on its assessment
and consequences on sleep and health.
Environment international. 2010;36(5):492-8.
5. Margaritis E, Kang J, Filipan K,
Botteldooren D. The influence of vegetation
and surrounding traffic noise parameters on
the sound environment of urban parks. Applied
geography. 2018;94:199-212.
6. Zannin PHT, Diniz FB, Barbosa WA.
Environmental noise pollution in the city
of Curitiba, Brazil. Applied Acoustics.
2002;63(4):351-8.
7. Marjanović M, Grubeša S, Žarko IP, editors.
Air and noise pollution monitoring in the city
of Zagreb by using mobile crowdsensing. 2017
25th International Conference on Software,
Telecommunications and Computer Networks
(SoftCOM); 2017: IEEE.
8. Moteallemi A, Bina B, Minaei M, Mortezaie
S. The Evaluation of Noise Pollution at
Samen District in Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi
Province, Iran using Geographic Information
System. International Journal of Occupational
Hygiene. 2017;9(4):179-85.
9. Safari Variani A, Nikpay A, Ghalenoie M,
Emamjomeh M. Comparison of equivalent noise
pollution and traffic noise index in different
cities of Qazvin province (2010). Journal of
Inflammatory Disease. 2013;16(4):69-74.
10. Alizadeh A, Mohammadian M,
Etemadinejad S, Yazdani J. Evaluation of
noise pollution in Sari (2007-2008). Journal of
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.
2009;19(69):4.52-5
11. Naddafi K, Yunesian M, Mesdaghinia AR,
Mahvi AH, Asgari A. Noise pollution in Zanjan
city in 2007. Journal of Advances in Medical
and Biomedical Research. 2008;16(62):85-96.
12. Mari O.H, Raigan S.A, Ali M.I. Evaluation
Of Noise Pollution In Crowded Areas In Yasuj
In 2006. 2008:109-116.
13. Hannani M, Akbari H, Almasi H. Noise
pollution in Kashan in 2000-01. KAUMS
Journal (FEYZ). 2002;6(1):30-6.
14. Acuña-Mendez Ac, Virguez Jd, CanchonTriana Ca, De Luque-Villa M. Airport Noise
Impact Assessment Using Noise Maps And
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A Case Study
In Bogotá, Colombia. Environmental Science,
Engineering and Management 8. 2021: 431-
440.
15. Wang Qs, Yuan Xl, Ma Cy, Editors. Air
Environmental Impact Research Of Urban
Traffic Development–A Case Study. Advanced
Materials Research; 2010: Trans Tech Publ.
16. Tavakoli A. Evaluation of particulate
matter (PM) and noise levels in underground
terminals-Majlesi terminal of Isfahan. 2018.
17. Chebil J, Ghaeb J, Fekih MA, Habaebi
MH. Assessment of Road Traffic Noise: A
Case Study in Monastir City. Jordan Journal of
Mechanical & Industrial Engineering. 2019;13.
18. Ali Ma, Kamraju M. Evaluation of Traffic
Noise Pollution In Hyderabad City, Telangana
State. Spatial Analysis And Geospatial Technologies. 2020;69. Lulu Publication,
2020, Isbn– 978-1-71682-711-2 .
19. Yang W, He J, He C, Cai M. Evaluation
of urban traffic noise pollution based on
noise maps. Transportation Research Part D:
Transport and Environment. 2020;87:102516.
20. Tandel B, Macwan J, Ruparel PN, editors.
Urban corridor noise pollution: A case study of
Surat city, India. Proceedings of International
Conference on Environment and Industrial
Innovation (ICEII 2011); 2011.
21. Motlabi Kashani M, Hanani M, Akbari H,
Almasi H. Noise Pollution In Kashan In 2000-
01. 2002.
22. Negahdari H, Javadpour S, Moattar
F, Negahdari H. Risk assessment of noise
pollution by analyzing the level of sound
loudness resulting from central traffic in
Shiraz. Environmental Health Engineering and
Management Journal. 2018.
23. Ghafoori M, Ahmadi Nadoushan M,
Moshtaghie M. Assessment the distribution of
noise pollution due to traffic in regions 3 and
4 of Isfahan. Journal of Natural Environment.
2021;73(4):729-43.
24. Mohammadi G. An investigation of
community response to urban traffic noise.
Global Perspective for Competitive Enterprise,
Economy and Ecology: Springer; 2009. p. 673-
80.
25. Esmeray E, Eren S. GIS-based mapping and
assessment of noise pollution in Safranbolu,
Karabuk, Turkey. Environment, development
and sustainability. 2021:1-19.
26. Okwudili MN, Okorie EA, Oparaocha R,
Mercy OS, Chinedu E, Ugochinyere AA, et al.
Assessment of noise pollution and its perceived
health risks on residents of Owerri Metropolis,
Imo State, Nigeria. World Journal of Advanced
Research and Reviews. 2021;10(2):146-56.
27. Imanpour Namin A, Nasrabadi T, Mehravaran
H, Zabani S. Noise Pollution in Urban Areas and
the Effect of Traffic Management Procedures on
Urban Environment (Case Study: 6th Region of
Tehran Municipal). Journal of Environmental
Science and Technology. 2020 Oct 22;22(8):
15-29.
28. Gheibi M, Karrabi M, Latifi P, FathollahiFard AM. Evaluation of traffic noise pollution
using geographic information system and
descriptive statistical method: a case study in
Mashhad, Iran. Environmental Science and
Pollution Research. 2022 Jan 15:1-4.
29. Weber N, Haase D, Franck U. Trafficinduced noise levels in residential urban
structures using landscape metrics as indicators.
Ecological indicators. 2014 Oct 1;45:611-21.
30. Golmohammadi R, Mohammadi H, Bayati
H, Habibi MM, Soltanian AR. Noise annoyance
due to construction worksites. 2013: 201-207.
31. Ballesteros MJ, Fernández MD, Quintana
S, Ballesteros JA, González I. Noise emission
evolution on construction sites. Measurement
for controlling and assessing its impact on the
people and on the environment. Building and
Environment. 2010 Mar 1;45(3):711-7.
32. Ariza-Villaverde AB, Jiménez-Hornero FJ,
De Ravé EG. Influence of urban morphology on
total noise pollution: Multifractal description.
Science of the Total Environment. 2014 Feb
15;472:1-8.
33. Yari AR, Dezhdar B, Koohpaei A, Ebrahimi
A, Mashkoori A, Mohammadi MJ, et al.
Evaluation of traffic noise pollution and control solutions offering: a case study in Qom, Iran.
Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical
Sciences. 2016;23(4):600-7.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 7 No 2 (2022): Spring 2022 | |
| Section | Original Research | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/japh.v7i2.9597 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Sound pressure level; Noise pollution; Traffic | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Nadri F, Mousavi Fard ZS. Noise pollution in the high-traffic areas and proposed solutions: A case study in Ilam, Iran. JAPH. 2022;7(2):131-142.
