Investigation of type and density of bacterial bioaerosols in the air of Imam Hossein hospital in Tehran in 2018
,
Abstract
Introduction: Hospital microorganisms are the potential sources of infection for patients and staff. Exposure to bioaerosols is relevant to a wide range of health effects, including infectious diseases, acute toxic effects, and allergies.
Materials and methods: In this study, ZTHV02 sampling device was used to evaluate and determine the density of bacterial airborne bioaerosols. The culture medium used in this study was tryptophan agar for bacterial agents to which the antibiotic cyclohexamide was added to prevent fungal growth. Sampling time was 10 min on average. The collected samples were immediately taken to the laboratory and incubated for 48 h. Then the number of colonies was counted and the bacteria were identified. Finally, bacterial density was expressed in CFU/m3.
Results: The results showed that the mean total density of bacteria measured in Imam Hossein hospital were 16.07 CFU/m3. The ICU unit of Imam Hossein hospital has the highest bacterial contamination. The most abundant bacteria observed in the air of Imam Hossein hospital were enterococci, Pseudomonas
species, coagulase negative staphylococci, Klebsilla species and group D non-enterococcal streptococci, respectively.
Conclusion: Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Enterococcus species were obtained. The number of bacteria was not significantly related to ambient temperature and humidity, but their number in the evening shift (appointment time) was significantly higher than the morning shift (p<0.05). High density of airborne bacteria in the studied hospitals can be considered as an important risk factor for the health of employees and patients.
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Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern comparisons
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Susceptibility Test Information Collection Program
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disease. 2006;56(1):57-62.
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during soil excavation and screening and composting
of nitroaromatic and nitroamine contaminated soils.
Medical College of Ohio; 1998.
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and density of the air Byvayrvsl training to selected
hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
in 2008. Labour's Health Journal. 2009;6(2):69-76.
24. Choubineh A, Roatami R, Tabatabaei SH.
Assessment of bioaerosols types and concentration
in ambient air of shiraz university of medical science
educational hospitals, 2008. Iran Occupational
Health. 2009 Jul 10;6(2):69-76..
25. Abdolahi AR. Concurrence of nosocomial
infections with microorganisms spreading in the
air of hospital wards. Medical Laboratory Journal.
2009;3(2):0-.
26. Mohamadian M, Movahedi MA. Assessment
of biological agents in the air of different wards in
Imam Khomayni and Shahid Zare hospitals in Sari,
2007. 2010: 51-58.
27. Sadeghi Hasanvand Z, Sekhavatjo MS.
Assessment the bio-aerosols type and concentration
in various wards of Valiasr Hospital, Khorramshahr
during 2011. Iranian journal of health and
environment. 2013;6(2):201-10.
28. Davoudian P, Karmostaji A, Vaeghi Z. Study
of nosocomia infection anf pattern of antibiotic
resistance in shahid mohammadi hospital of bandar
abbas. Hormozgan Medical Journal. 2001;5(3): 14-
17.
29. Obbard JP, Fang LS. Airborne concentrations
of bacteria in a hospital environment in Singapore.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 2003;144(1):333-41.
30. Potievskaya VI, Ushakov IL, Popov AA,
Chizhov AY. Ecologic monitoring of air pollution in
operation room in clinic of assisted redproductive
technologies. Rudn Journal of Ecology and Life
Safety. 2016(2):118-25.
M, Mahdavi M, Mohammadi A et al. A survey of
24 hour variations of BTEX concentration in the
ambient air of Tehran. 2012.
2. Kalteh S, Mozaffari S, Molaei I, Maleki R.
Health risk assessment of metal fumes in an Iranian
Mineral Salt company. Journal of Air Pollution and
Health. 2020;5(3):163-70.
3. Tringe SG, Zhang T, Liu X, Yu Y, Lee WH, Yap J
et al. The airborne metagenome in an indoor urban
environment. PloS one. 2008;3(4):e1862.
4. Hazrati S, Rostami R, Farjaminezhad M,
Fazlzadeh M. Preliminary assessment of BTEX
concentrations in indoor air of residential buildings
and atmospheric ambient air in Ardabil, Iran.
Atmospheric environment. 2016;132:91-7.
5. Naddafi K, Rezaei S, Nabizadeh R, Younesian M,
Jabbari H. Density of airborne bacteria in a children
hospital in Tehran. Iranian Journal of Health and
Environment. 2009;1(2):75-80.
6. Jaffal A, Nsanze H, Bener A, Ameen A, Banat I,
El Mogheth A. Hospital airborne microbial pollution
in a desert country. Environment international.
1997;23(2):167-72.
7. Jaffal A, Banat I, El Mogheth A, Nsanze H,
Bener A, Ameen A. Residential indoor airborne
microbial populations in the United Arab Emirates.
Environment International. 1997;23(4):529-33.
8. Fazlzadeh M, Sadeghi H, Bagheri P, Poureshg Y,
Rostami R. Microbial quality and physical–chemical
characteristics of thermal springs. Environmental
geochemistry and health. 2016;38(2):413-22.
9. Dehdashti A, Sahranavard N, Rostami R,
Barkhordari A, Banayi Z. Survey of bioaerosols type
and concentration in the ambient air of hospitals in
Damghan, Iran. Occupational medicine quarterly
Journal. 2012;4(3):41-51.
10. Ruzer LS, Harley NH. Aerosols handbook:
measurement, dosimetry, and health effects. CRC
press; 2012 Aug 15.
11. Nourmoradi H, Nikaeen M, Amin MM,
Hatamzadeh M. An Investigation on Bio-aerosol
Concentrations in the Different Wards of Hospitals
of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Journal
of Isfahan Medical School. 2011;29(149).
12. Cheek E, Guercio V, Shrubsole C,
Dimitroulopoulou S. Portable air purification:
Review of impacts on indoor air quality and health.
Science of the Total Environment. 2021;766:142585.
13. Mishra D, Yadav R, Singh RP, Taneja A, Tiwari
R, Khare P. The incorporation of lemongrass oil into
chitosan-nanocellulose composite for bioaerosol
reduction in indoor air. Environmental Pollution.
2021;285:117407.
14. Fullman N, Barber RM, Abajobir AA, Abate KH, Abbafati C, Abbas KM et al. Measuring
progress and projecting attainment on the basis
of past trends of the health-related Sustainable
Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis
from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The
Lancet. 2017;390(10100):1423-59.
15. Fletcher LA, Noakes CJ, Beggs CB, Sleigh PA.
The importance of bioaerosols in hospital infections
and the potential for control using germicidal
ultraviolet irradiation. Proceedings of the First
Seminar on Applied Aerobiology, Murcia, Spain;
2004 May 20 (Vol. 20).
16. Haley RW, Culver DH, White JW, Morgan WM,
Emori TG. The nationwide nosocomial infection
rate: a new need for vital statistics. American journal
of epidemiology. 1985;121(2):159-67.
17. Cardo DM, Bell DM. Bloodborne pathogen
transmission in health care workers: risks and
prevention strategies. Infectious disease clinics of
North America. 1997;11(2):331-46.
18. Beekmann SE, Doebbeling BN. frontiers
of occupational health: New Vaccines, New
Prophylactic Regimens, and Management of the
HIV–Infected Worker. Infectious disease clinics of
North America. 1997;11(2):313-29.
19. Cao G. Effect of ventilation on indoor airborne
microbial pollution control. In2008 International
Conference on BioMedical Engineering and
Informatics 2008 May 27 (Vol. 1, pp. 390-394).
IEEE.
20. Zhanel GG, DeCorby M, Laing N, Weshnoweski
B, Vashisht R, Tailor F et al. Antimicrobial-resistant
pathogens in intensive care units in Canada: results
of the Canadian National Intensive Care Unit (CANICU) study, 2005-2006. Antimicrobial Agents and
Chemotherapy. 2008;52(4):1430-7.
21. Rhomberg PR, Fritsche TR, Sader HS, Jones RN.
Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern comparisons
among intensive care unit and general ward Gramnegative isolates from the Meropenem Yearly
Susceptibility Test Information Collection Program
(USA). Diagnostic microbiology and infectious
disease. 2006;56(1):57-62.
22. Petrik FJ. Occupational exposure evaluation
of explosive aerosols and vapors and bioaerosols
during soil excavation and screening and composting
of nitroaromatic and nitroamine contaminated soils.
Medical College of Ohio; 1998.
23. Choobineh AR, Rostami R, Tabatabai RH. Type
and density of the air Byvayrvsl training to selected
hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
in 2008. Labour's Health Journal. 2009;6(2):69-76.
24. Choubineh A, Roatami R, Tabatabaei SH.
Assessment of bioaerosols types and concentration
in ambient air of shiraz university of medical science
educational hospitals, 2008. Iran Occupational
Health. 2009 Jul 10;6(2):69-76..
25. Abdolahi AR. Concurrence of nosocomial
infections with microorganisms spreading in the
air of hospital wards. Medical Laboratory Journal.
2009;3(2):0-.
26. Mohamadian M, Movahedi MA. Assessment
of biological agents in the air of different wards in
Imam Khomayni and Shahid Zare hospitals in Sari,
2007. 2010: 51-58.
27. Sadeghi Hasanvand Z, Sekhavatjo MS.
Assessment the bio-aerosols type and concentration
in various wards of Valiasr Hospital, Khorramshahr
during 2011. Iranian journal of health and
environment. 2013;6(2):201-10.
28. Davoudian P, Karmostaji A, Vaeghi Z. Study
of nosocomia infection anf pattern of antibiotic
resistance in shahid mohammadi hospital of bandar
abbas. Hormozgan Medical Journal. 2001;5(3): 14-
17.
29. Obbard JP, Fang LS. Airborne concentrations
of bacteria in a hospital environment in Singapore.
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 2003;144(1):333-41.
30. Potievskaya VI, Ushakov IL, Popov AA,
Chizhov AY. Ecologic monitoring of air pollution in
operation room in clinic of assisted redproductive
technologies. Rudn Journal of Ecology and Life
Safety. 2016(2):118-25.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 7 No 1 (2022): Winter 2022 | |
| Section | Original Research | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/japh.v7i1.8920 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Bacterial bio aerosols; Indoor air; Hospital; Tehran | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Maleki R, Nazari S. Investigation of type and density of bacterial bioaerosols in the air of Imam Hossein hospital in Tehran in 2018. JAPH. 2022;7(1):61-68.
