Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Air Pollution and Health 2476-3071 6 2 2021 12 11 135 148 Reza Fouladi Fard Research Centre for Environmental Pollutants, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Fazileh Dordshaikh Torkamani 2Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Amir Hossein Mahvi Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND 4Center for Solid waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Fahiminia Research Centre for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. 2- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. Ali Koolivand Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran Mohammad Reza Hosseini 7 Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Babak Eshrati Department of Social Medicine, School of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences. Research Center of Preventive Medicine. Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maria Fiore Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia" University of Catania, Catania, Italy Alireza Omidi Oskouei Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Nayereh Rezaei Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran 2021 09 12 2021 11 10 Introduction: Particulate Matter (PM), also known as aerosol, is the sum of all particles suspended in droplets floating in the air, which can have harmful impacts on humans all over the world. This cross-sectional study set out to evaluate the potential health effects of over-exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 on aggravating mortality and hospitalization due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases among Arak citizens. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional survey, AirQ+ model was used to estimate the health impacts of two particulate air pollutants (PM10 and PM2.5) based on Relative Risk (RR), and Baseline Incidence (BI) obtained from reference documents. Results: According to the calculations, the attributable proportion percentage (AP%) and attributable excess cases (persons) for total mortality from PM10 were 3.3% (95% CI, 2.8%-3.8%) in 2014 vs. 4.9% (95% CI, 4.1%-5.6%) in 2015 and 99 persons in 2014 vs. 148 persons in 2015, respectively. Likewise, the AP (%) and the number of excess cases (persons) calculated for total mortality from PM2.5 were 3.3% (95% CI, 2.6%-4.1%) in 2014 vs. 1.1% (95% CI, 0.8%-1.3%) in 2015 and 99 persons in 2014 vs. 33 persons in 2015, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that dominant west winds could increase the particle matters produced from power plants, petrochemical plants, and western dust storm, leading to a surge in the mortality and morbidity related to particulate air pollutants in Arak. https://japh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/japh/article/view/294 https://japh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/japh/article/download/294/280