Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Air Pollution and Health 2476-3071 4 2 2019 06 29 99 108 Amir Mohammadi Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical sciences, Maragheh, Iran Marayam Faraji Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Saeed Mousavi Environmental Research Center of West Azerbaijan, Urmia, Iran Sepideh Nemati Health and Environment Research Center, Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Mojtaba Momtaz Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Ali Abdolahnejad Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Mohammad Miri Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran 2019 05 01 2019 06 23 Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate exposure to PM10 related to traffic and drying Lake Urmia and its effects on human health in north-west of Iran. Materials and methods: Sampling and analysis was done during 2015 to 2016 using AirQ 2.2.3. Results: The annual mean of PM10 concentrations were 106 μg/m3, which was too higher than 20 μg/m3 recommended by WHO guideline. The maximum seasonal mean concentration of PM10 was observed in winter (138 μg/m3). Attributable proportion (AP) due to exposure to PM10 were estimated 5.487% (95%CI: 3.726-7.185%) of non-accidental mortality cases, 8.011% (95%CI; 4.615-11.174%) of cardiovascular mortality, and 11.174% (95%CI; 4.615-16.215%) of respiratory mortality, for Urmia inhabitants. With every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 concentrations, relative risk (RR) for total mortality increased by 0.6%. Conclusion: The total cases numbers for hospital admission due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in central RR were 257 and 666 cases, respectively. Since incineration fossil fuel, the salty dust storms caused by climate change and drying Urmia Lake is natural, therefore, increasing green space and extensive activities such as desertification are need to control this phenomenon that is extremely challenging. https://japh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/japh/article/view/205 https://japh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/japh/article/download/205/203